African top runners are younger at the top

Elite African Marathoners Specialize Earlier than Elite Non-African Marathoners General is known that the African runners are the fastest runners. In this study, the authors compared the 90 fastest African runners against the 90 fastest non-African runners across the marathon route between 2001 and 2015. It clearly showed that the Africans specialize for the marathon route and withdraw from competitive sports. Finding everything under https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28488940/

Overview of open water swimming

Characteristics and Challenges of Open-Water Swimming Performance: A Review An Italian group has put together the previous literature on open water swimming. In the last 10 years, the popularity of this sport increased strongly.The performance of women increased significantly. It can be assumed that the physique of the woman (more fat and other fat distribution as men) is responsible for this performance improvement. The work can be found under https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28459347/

Caffeine improves the swimming performance

Caffeine Ingestion Improves Repeated Freestyle Sprints in Elite Male Swimmers An Australian group has examined whether the intake of caffeine improves performance in sprint pigs.

It showed that the performance improved significantly during repeated sprints. The work can be found under https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28344456/

Marathons in 26 days

Applied Sports Nutrition Support, Dietary Intake and Body Composition Changes of a Female Athlete Completing 26 Marathons in 26 Days: A Case Study A British group has investigated the nutritional behavior on a runner who runs a marathon during 26 days every day. During the marathons she took 1039.7 ± 207.9 kcal (607.1 - 1453.2) and 2.39 ± 0.35 l (1.98 - 3.19).

After 11 days, body weight decreased by 4.6 kg. All details can be found under https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28344459/

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What influences the performance in a half marathon

Predictive Variables of Half-Marathon Performance for Male Runners A Spanish group has studied which variables are best suited to calculate the competition time on a half marathon.

It showed that aspects of body construction, training, physiology and biomechanics are crucial for the calculation. All formulas can be found under https://www.jssm.org/abstresearchajssm-16-187.xml.xml

Hyponatremia and symptoms

Reported Hydration Beliefs and Behaviours Without Effect on Plasma Sodium in Endurance Athletes The stress-associated hyponatremia is relatively common in endurance athletes and it is based on that a hyponatremia is often symptomatic. We have now examined in a large collective of various endurance athletes whether the knowledge of the hyponatremia and a plan of fluid supply are available and whether the influence on the development of a hyponatremia has.

Problems of lower extremity in long distance

Diseases and overuse injuries of the lower extremities in long distance runners Rheumatologists on the Balgrist in Zurich have summarized the literature on problems of lower extremity of runners. 50% of the runners complains about a problem at least once a year.Rarely are accidents the problem.The following overload problems are most commonly mentioned: femoropatellar pain, shin Splints, runner’s knee, problems of Achilles tendon, plantar fasciitis, as well as stress fractures of center foot bones or tibia.

Energy and fluid supply at a mountain tramarathon

Energy, macronutrient and water intake during a mountain ultramarathon event: The influence of distance. A Spanish group has examined the supply of energy and fluid on 3 different runs over 44km, 67km and 112 km. It showed that the route length had no influence on the supply of energy and carbohydrates.

Unlike theotherroute lengthsforthe runnersin the ultramarathonmore fat, butdrank lessfluidthan therunner onthe otherroutes. The results can be found under https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28322630/

Age and performance at a half-ironman

Aging and Half-Ironman Performance A Canadian group has studied the performance and age of triathlets at the Half-Ironman World Cup in Clearwater, Florida, from 2006-2010.Over this period, the times in cycling and run faster, but not in swimming. Men were usually faster than the women, the difference vary depending on the age group.

The benefit was already in progress in the age group 35-39 years, while in swimming until the age group 50-55 remained quite constant. The results can be found under https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28230417/

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