Sex differences in ultra skills

Sex Differences in Participation, Performance and the Age of Ultramarathon Runners An American group has studied how the difference between men and women in ultra-based developed in terms of ranking and participation.They examined 20 races from 45 to 160 km. The men were faster than the women.The difference was the deepest over 100 km and the greatest over 45-50 km.The fastest men were younger than the fastest women. The difference between the sexes rose with ranking, was the deepest in the winners and higher at the runners in the 10th place.

What happens for 24 hours cross-country skiing?

Clinical and Laboratory Responses of Cross-Country Skiing for a 24-H World Record: Case Report A Finnish group has studied what happens in a ski runner who is traveling for 24 hours at temperatures from -24 ° C to -5 ° C. The athlete reached 406 km and after the burden there was a significant increase in myoglobin, CK, probnp but no increase in troponin T or Tropinin I. After the load, the size of the left ventricle decreased by around 5%.It also came to an increase of parameters of liver and renal function as well as CRP and leukocytes.

What happens during an Ultraman?

Fluid retention, muscle damage, and altered body composition at the Ultraman triathlon An American group has studied what happens in triathlets at the ‘Ultraman Florida’ with regard to body composition. For 18 athletes, parameters of the body construction, liquid balance and laboratory values were charged.The race led to a decrease in body weight, body fat, an increase in body water while the fat-free mass remained unchanged.

It came to an increase in the CK, the CRP, the aldosterone and cortisol as well as a decrease in the testosterone. The results of this study can be found under https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26560107/

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24-hour world record in cycling

Pacing in a self-paced world record attempt in 24-h road cycling The extruder of Christoph Strasser has set up this spring with 896.173 km a new world record over 24 hours cycling.

He has recorded his lap times as well as watts continuously and we have now evaluated these numbers. During the 24 hours he drove at an average speed of 37.34 km / h and a mean wattage of 250.2 W. Speed and watts took linearly during the 24 hours.Ambient temperature and wind speed showed an influence on the speed. The whole evaluation of the record can be found under https://springerplus.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40064-015-1445-1

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Swelling of lower extremity and muscle contraction

The increase in hydric volume is associated to contractile impairment in the calf after the world’s most extreme mountain ultra‑marathon In ultra-curls, it is known that it comes to an inflammatory reaction, muscle damage, reduced performance and swelling of lower extremity. A recent study on an ultramarathon examined a possible relationship between swelling of lower extremity and power loss.

It showed an increase in extracellular water, an increase in the scope of the calf and a connection between the swelling of the calf with a reduced contractility of the calf muscles. The very insightful work can be found under https://extremephysiolmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13728-015-0037-6

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Swelling of the feet at a multipart triathlon

Feet swelling in a multistage ultraendurance triathlete: a case study Previous studies showed a connection between fluid supply and swelling of the feet in a longer endurance burden.So far, however, it has not yet been investigated as this relationship behaves at a multi-dedite burden of breaks. In a 10-fold Ironman triathlon we examined whether there is a connection between fluid supply and swelling of the feet.This was the volume of feet during a 10-day load increases and there is a context of this increase in fluid supply, total body water and kidney retention parameters.

How to feed runners

The Interconnectedness of Diet Choice and Distance Running: Results of the Research Understanding the NutritioN of Endurance Runners (RUNNER) Study. A recent study examined 422 runners about half marathon, marathon and ultramarathone with respect to their diet in the 12 months before a competition.Ultralaufen preferred a vegan / vegetarian diet as a half marathon or marathon runner.

The Ultralaufen mentioned that primarily the external circumstances resulted in this diet, while the half marathon and marathon runners rather performed body weight as a reason. The interesting work can be found under https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26480477/

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Nutrition in the heat

Observed Dietary Practices of Recreational Ultra Endurance Cyclists in the Heat An American group has studied how cyclists feed on a 162 km race in the heat.

The athletes nourished carbohydrated, but there was no connection between carbohydrate absorption and competition performance. The work can be found under https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26492102/

What happens during a channel swimming

Cardiovascular and Perceptual Responses to an Ultraendurance Channel Swim: A Case Study.$ An American group has accompanied a swimmer at the Catalin Channel Swim ‘over 32.2 km.The swimmer reached the target after 9 h 2 min at a water temperature of around 19 degrees and an air temperature of almost 19 degrees.

It was a connection between thirst feeling and the remaining floating distance, the perceived effort and heart rate, the perceived effort with the remaining distance as well as the pain sensation and the remaining distance. The very interesting case report can be found under https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25819111/

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