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The heart in the marathon

Cardiovascular stress biomarker assessment of middle-aged non-athlete marathon runners The cardiovascular security of marathon runs remains unclear.This study examined the impact of a marathon on the profile of biomarkers for cardiovascular burdens associated with transthoracic echocardiography.Thirty-three healthy male amateur runners, which were ≥ 50 years old (average age 57 ± 7 years), were examined. Venous blood samples were won in front of the marathon shortly after the race, 2-4 days and 7 days after the marathon.The plasma concentrations of highly sensitive heart troponin I (HS-CTNI) and endothelin-1 were measured.The N-terminal Pro-B-type natriuretic peptide was measured using electrochemiluminescence. Each participant had a transthoracic echocardiography before and immediately after the race. It showed a strong increase in biomarkers after the race, which was normalized after 2-4 days and remained in the normal range after 7 days. Runners with intensive training programs (> 169 km / month) after the race had a lower HS-CTNI. There were a decline in the left atrial volume volume and an increase in the maximum right atrial volume. Changes in the Doppler indices of the diastolic function were observed, which indicate a change in left ventricular relaxation. A marathon is associated with a strong and significant increase in biomarkers.

The weather at the estate marathon and the influence on performance

The Role of Environmental Conditions on Marathon Running Performance in Men Competing in Boston Marathon from 1897 to 2018 This study examined the effects of weather conditions on the performance of men during the Boston marathon from 1897 to 2018. A total of 383'982 observations of 244'642 different finishers were analyzed using generalized additive mixed models. All runners, TOP-100 and TOP-10 were considered.The weather conditions on the race day were average air temperature (° C), precipitation (mm), WBGT (° C), wind speed (km / h), wind direction (N, S, W, E) and pressure (HPA). These effects were examined in multivariable models with spline smooth conditions depending on the calendar year.In an increase in temperature by 1 ° C, the performance was deteriorated for all groups.The west of the west of the wind, compared to the wind from other directions, was most favorable for the performance of all finalists.Increasing rainfall deteriorated the performance of the top 100 and the top 10.With an increase in wind speed by 1 km / h, the performance was worse for all finishers, but not for the top 100. Pressure and WBGT were examined in unvariable models.Overall, the achievements with increasing pressure worsened and WBGT.

The women come closer to men in the marathon

Are Women Closing in on Men at the Boston Marathon? The American journalist Alex Hutchinson has critically commented on our work on the difference of sexes at the Boston Marathon, his comment can be found under https://www.outideonline.com/health/running/are-women-closing-men-boston-marathon/?fbclid=IwAR23cI30qRqTNVl59w-qHTbhgkvJNsSRA7jTeg3ED9QgU25xEWx4QISzbpU&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook&utm_campaign=onsiteshare

Nutrition in extreme duration

Ultra-Endurance: Nutrition and hydration Among other things, the authors of this article have consulted our articles in nutrition in extreme diet.The result of your considerations can be found under https://www.oneekmore.com/en/2019/02/06/ultra-endurance-nutrition-and-hydration/

Nutrition in the 24-h running

Nutritional Knowledge and Dietary Practice in Elite 24-Hour Ultramarathon Runners: A Brief Report Several factors contribute to sporting performance, and the diet is a key component.A higher level of nutritional knowledge seems to correlate with a higher nutritional quality.However, this is still little explored and the results are still not conclusive. The aim of this study was the evaluation of nutritional knowledge and the adequacy of diet in order to recognize potential potential relationships between these two factors in 24-hour elite ultramarathon runners, a sport that seems to win popularity in the last decade. Nutrition and adequacy of the Mediterranean diet were rated on the basis of validated questionnaires to 10 elite ultramarathon runners (six male and four female) of the Italian Ultramarathon and Trail Association (IUUTA). The general nutritional knowledge throughout the sample of the athletes seemed to be good, especially with regard to “nutritional recommendations” and “nutrient sources”.However, women had higher total materials for food knowledge compared to men.Finally, a linear regression analysis showed that better nutrition knowledge was positively accompanied by an increase in adequacy degrees of the Mediterranean diet, with the level of education being adapted.

Pacing im Duathlon

The Combined Effect of Aging and Performance Level on Pacing in Duathlon – the “ITU Powerman Long Distance Duathlon World Championships” The role of age and performance level was examined for runners such as marathon runners, but not in athletes with several sports such as Duathlon (running, cycling and running).The aim of the present study was therefore to examine the combined effects of aging and performance at the pace of Duathlen, which participate in two different spacer races. Pacing (defined as a relative portion of the bicycle time in% for the total time of the race) was analyzed for 6,671 Dathlets, which from 2003 to 2017 in the short distance race (10 km first run, 50 km cycling and 5 km second run) and in the long-distance race (10 km first run, 150 km cycling and 30 km of the second run) of “Powerman Zofingen”, the “ITU Powerman Long-distance Duathlon World Championships”. Men were faster, older and spent less time (%) with cycling as women in both races.Younger age groups spent more time (%) by cycling than their older colleagues in women (both short and long distances) and men (long-distance races).Fast performance groups spent more time (%) by cycling than their slower colleagues.In the short distance of men, an interaction of the small age group × performance group was observed on time (%) - but not in the long distance or in women - with smaller differences between the operating groups of the older group than in the younger age groups. Women, young and fast duathles were relatively slower than men, old and slow duathles in the wheel. That is, old dathlets were relatively faster than running when cycling.

Age class runners in athletics

Improved Performance in Master Runners Competing in the European Championships between 1978 and 2014 The performance trends in elite runners were well examined, but we know nothing about performance trends and the difference between the sexes in older runners running at a high level on different routes. We now have data from Seventeen European Championships between 1978 and 2014 were analyzed for various distances (100 m, 200 m, 400 m, 800 m, 1500 m, 5000 m, 10 000 m and marathon). The running speed for the best 8 female and male finalists for each age group (35-99 years, divided into 5-year intervals) and any renowning dance was taken into account. It showed that the men were faster on all routes than women and the difference between the sexes on the shorter routes. The running speed was higher for shorter distances than for longer distances. Younger runners were faster than older runners, and the influence of the age group was greatest for the 200 m. It showed a small influence of the calendar year on the running speed for 100 m, 200 m, 1500 m, 10 000 m and marathon.

Women in the Boston Marathon

Performance Differences Between the Sexes in the Boston Marathon From 1972 to 2017 The differences between the sexes in the marathon were examined for athletes who participate in world-class races.However, there is no information about changes of these differences since the first woman officially participated in marathons.We examined the trends in participation and performance at the Boston Marathon from 1972 to 2017. In total, 371'250 different finishers (64% men) and 553'890 observations - of which 187,998 (34%) women and 365'892 (66%) men - analyzed with generalized additive mixed models.The number of finishers rose over the years.The participation of women began in 1972 at 2,81% and reached a value of 45.68% in 2016.Men were men (03:38:42 ± 00:41:43 h: min: s) a total of 10.7% faster than women (04:03:28 ± 00:38:32 h: min: s). The average performance worsened over the years, but the differences between the sexes took off.For the 10 fastest runners per year, the performance improved with a reduction in speed difference (total 18.3%, men: 02:13:30 ± 00:04:08 H: min: S vs. Women: 02:37:42 ± 00: 17:58 H: Min: S).The annual winners improved the performance with a decrease in speed difference (15.5% overall, men: 02:10:24 ± 00:03:05 H: min: S vs. Women: 02:30:43 ± 00:11:05 h: min: s).

Cycling decides the Ironman of the best triathlets

Cycling as the Best Sub-8-Hour Performance Predictor in Full Distance Triathlon For all triathlon distances (short distance, Olympic distance, Half-Ironman and Ironman), triathlets spend more time with cycling than swimming or running.However, running has proven to be the discipline with the greatest influence on the overall performance on the Olympic distance. However, there is no evidence that discipline has the largest influence on the Ironman route (3.8 km swimming / 180 km cycling / 42.195 km), especially for the fastest athletes of all time. The total separation times of 51 fastest triathlets (all under 8 hours) were examined, while a sample of 44 participants was considered for the meantime. The discipline that seemed to predict the closing time was cycling, followed by running and swimming. In addition, cycling was the discipline with the highest performance improvement over the years, while the performance was easily decreased.